Land Alienation of Tribes in North East India

Land is the prime need for all human beings BUT unfortunately in North East India in the name of “Forest Policy” the Govt of India has acquired tribal land & is gradually pushing out the indigenous tribes out of their age-old habitats.

Every time the land of a tribal community has been acquired for some project of the Govt they have been paid “cash compensation” – realizing pretty well that they have no respect for cash & stacking a few rupees is not a part of the tribe cultural ethos.

Besides, while the land is acquired, if it is for an industry, there is a promise for a “job”, so when the tribes while away the “cash compensation” , they survive on a “promised job”, which is never delivered as the job offer is turned down citing that the tribes do not have sufficient skills. The land is lost forever & there are no jobs!

At the same time, certain politicians & agencies of the Govt have been very keen to facilitate settlement of Illegal Bangladeshis, this has created a lot of controversial issues & does not seem to end, though at the moment Assam & Tripura are the worst affected a trend of Bangladeshi illegal settlers moving to Manipur & Nagaland is being witnessed. The condition of the fencing of Indo-Bangladesh border is best left unsaid.

Today, Bangladeshi illegals are found almost in every part of the North East Region.

To preserve the unique cultural identity of the Tribes of North east India, the land alienation activities conducted under the supervision of the Govt, its officials & their agents must STOP with immediate effect!

If the Govt is keen to “develop” the tribes then its has to be done in a cautious way & taking into consideration the tribal way of functioning, their value systems, morals etc. Emphasis should be laid on overall socio-cultural development & not merely on material advancement.

Thus the Govt of India needs to address the land alienation issue when drawing up any “plans” or launching welfare “schemes” for tribal development.

Thanks & Regards

Mishing Renaissance

Ref: Vaid, N.K. 2004, Who cares for Tribal Development, New Delh, Mittal Publications.

Ps: You are free to use this article BUT just be kind enough to inform me of the same.

Bangladeshi illegal infiltration & North East India

Bangladeshi Muslim Beggars in the North East: FAQ

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Who are the Bangladeshi Muslim Beggars?

Every day around 6,000 illegal Bangladeshi Muslim infiltrators cross the border and enter Assam, India.

If they are “Beggars”, how can these beggars be dangerous?

Many of these are Islamic militants with links to Al-Queda and other Muslim extremist groups who are operating in Bangladesh to take over Assam the militant Islamic way and create a “Kashmir” like situation through their “silent” jihad.

Why do the Beggars cross over to Assam, is it easy?
India has fenced parts of the 4,000-km border with Bangladesh, but officials say this has done little to deter migrants bent on leaving one of the world's poorest countries. Assam shares a 272 km porous border with Bangladesh, a vast stretch of which is unfenced.

What do these Bangladeshi Muslim Beggars do?
The beggars become farmhands or river fishermen in villages. In towns they are often construction workers or rickshaw pullers, and the women work as maids. Some beggars have succeeded in marrying the locals too. The “beggars” also beg for money door to door across Assamese towns posing as “local people” whose relatives are “coping” with “incurable” diseases. Usually they beg in groups of two and expect all the “group” members to be paid.

Why are they addressed as “Bangladeshi Muslim Beggars”?
Interesting question, “Bangladeshi” because they speak Bengali and poor Assamese and from the way they dress, a simple man can also make out that they are “Muslim” [skull caps and long beards], You can also spot them with the religious groans and “Beggars” because they beg!

How many of them are there in Assam?
Though there are no official’s figures of actual numbers of Bangladeshis in Assam, locals say their population could be six million of the state's 26 million people.

What has the Government done till this date?
A BIG NOTHING!!! The government and the students union signed a pact in 1985 for deportation of illegal Bangladeshi immigrants, but believe it or not, clauses on the deportation of foreigners have still not been implemented. Twenty years of inaction is taking violent shape now.The Assam Accord is dusting itself in some beaureaucratic dustbin. Before we blame New Delhi let us understand that successive govts in Assam have also failed in their quest, and have now started using these Bangladeshi Muslim Beggars as Vote Banks.Right from beginning in order to get minority votes, the Congress led UPA Government in India have taken little steps to deport millions of illegal immigrants from Bangladesh.

Has the presence of these beggars affected the common people of Assam?
Yes, The local people in Assam have lost jobs, their cultural heritage and their national identity because of these beggars. Their hatred has finally manifested towards India and especially towards Indian citizens from West Bengal and Bihar.

How do we THE COMMON PEOPLE kick these beggars out?
The Bangladeshi Muslim Beggars will be kicked out only IF THE COMMON PEOPLE WISH TO KICK THEM OUT!!!!! The Government has failed miserably.

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"Save the North East Region, save our Identity. Let's take an oath ... no food, no job, no shelter to Bangladeshis" Starve the Bangladeshi Muslim Beggars and kick them out"

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Bangladeshis 'SMSed' out of Assam

An economic blockade enforced by a little known youth group in Upper Assam, the Chiring Chapori Yuba Mancha has forced thousands of illegal Bangladeshi settlers to flee, reports NDTV.com.

"Illegal immigrants have been one of Assam's biggest issues for the last two decades.But this time round there were no demonstrations, strikes or boycotts. Instead a campaign against illegal Bangladeshi immigrants is being carried out through SMS.

People are being told through cell phone messages to not give jobs or food to Bangladeshis.As a result of a campaign that began on April 15, thousands of Bengali Muslim labourers and rickshaw pullers have been leaving the town of Dibrugarh."

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For further reading:

1. Bangladesh & Jihadi Terrorism ( Orkut Community )
2. Will illegal migrants outnumber the people of North-east India in 20 years?
3. Bangladeshis - Is congress playing games with India's illegal immigration problem to get more Muslim votes?
4. The Greater Bangladesh Dream
   
5. Muslim Fundamentalist Organizations in North East India—A Compendium
6. Bangladesh: Assam as Gateway for Illegal Immigrants
   
7. Bangladeshi immigrants hound out indigenous Assamese
   
8. Illegal Bangladeshi Immigration: People Take the Mantle When the Government Gives Up
9. India's ticking immigrant time bomb
10. Bangladeshis- Unwanted guests in its neighboring countries
    

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Video's on Illegal Bangladeshi infiltration into India

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(Hindi)Bangladeshi Immigration into India- Part 2 of 10

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jV6z59RMGas

(Hindi)Bangladeshi Immigration into India- Part 4 of 10

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SKG_HCs6rfk

(Hindi)Bangladeshi Immigration into India- Part 5 of 10

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WbKBSLy3WRE

(Hindi)Bangladeshi Immigration into India- Part 7 of 10

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EZJaZyUr3Lc

(Hindi)Bangladeshi Immigration into India- Part 8 of 10

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HKAXSyFnOeY

(Hindi)Bangladeshi Immigration into India- Part 9 of 10

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TNOw8cNXI9o

(Hindi)Bangladeshi Immigration into India- Part 10 of 10

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bpm6kzOYmCE

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Please Note: Video nos 1,3 & 6 have been removed from You Tube, once uploaded again the information will be provided [ The above section will be updated as & when required ]

Mising Ethnic Poems

BÍ OKKOM IDUN

- Bhaigeswar Pogag

Bí okkom idun?

Bí ílíngem démdung

Bogibi:l béda:do.

Iyong po:lo do:nyi dogom

Do:nyié guwa:mang

Ésaré sara:mang

Bík amírdo.

Lamku kéra:pé

Gari –Motoré

Duktí:la dung.

Bí agerém angke ke:la

Gertí:la dung .

Kéréng kéré:do

Ísíng ílíngé dung

Émdaggom

Ager gerkoí:dé

Tetko émna mé:poldung.

Bí mé:dung

Ngok ílíng démnamsé

Takam légapé

Yampoké sí:sangé

Asé: sé:la Dibrugor-Démaji

Dilli-Dispurpé

Asé sé:nané.

Bí okkom idun?

Bí ílíngém démdung

Bogibi:l béda:do.

Bí mé:dag

Bogibi:ldé írga: moyé

Kekon kesagém

Ager kaye pési ko:ré

Mising réngamégom

Darsuye Mo:pí loladdo.

Bí sé:kon ?

Bí Mising anéko

Durnam légapé ager gernéko

Opín légapé

Aipé mé:néko.

Bí okkom idun?

Bí ílíngém démdung

Bogibi:l béda:do.

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KINSUNA YUBNANG

- Mg Obhijit Payeng

Kinsuna yubnang

Yubmé ai-pé orí:dung

Abbug bomné gí:godung

Édílo abbug beyesong

Édíko siyésong

Kapésinei lula:mang

So turnam léga:pé

Jinkaraksun dung.

Kinsuna yubnang

Sa:díma:do do:nyi sa:dung

Laddíma:pé po:lo laddung

Sardíma:pé ésaré sardung

Odíma:do pédongé odung.

Édé

Do:nyi dé

Sa:tíd péké

Po:lo:dé

Ladtíd péké

Pédo:dé

Otíd péké

Ésar dé

sartíd péké

Yummém

kinsuna yubnang.

Mishing Renaissance appreciates the contribution by Mg Obhijit Payeng and Bhaigeswar Pogag....

Misingé odokké Abígé la: Adnam Kangkin

- Dr. Anil Kumar Pe:gu

Mising agomsé ‘Tibet-Bormi’ agom ope:lok gíné Uttor-Ohom sok agom luné tani: ope: kídí:lok lunam agomé. Agom lugod, gombug du:nam, agom séu-lok ka:yémílo Mising Agomsém kéíkké adkan namdémpé orpansula:do. Édé sémpé- (k) Oyan, Pagro, Délu, Dambug (g) Sa:yang (ng) Mo:yíng, Samuwa, (s) Samuguriya, Tamar, Bihiya.

Émdaggom buluk lédulo agom lukéng, lugod odokké séu lokké kangkindopé gésuka:-mínsunamko dungga:lok buluk ara:lo agom luposuddom ngasod kama, tatkinka:mínsudag. Sém kinpé Needhan-ké lunam agomko lukanla:do- “Although each clan possesses many different words to express the same meaning, they are so acustomed to mix up with the other that is a real dificulty to ascertain waht word should be used for a particular thing by particular clan.” Akonpésin Mising agom lugoddém ka:yémílo ba:nyi kopé orpansula:do.

Sémpé- ako ‘Íngko’ odokké akondém ‘Okko’ ope:. Íngko ope:dok agom kídí:dé Adi agom lédulo lékomínsuya:dag odokké akon Okko ope:dok agom kídí:dé Adi agom lokké mo:té:ya:dag; ayi:sok du:né ope: kídí:dok lunam agomlok kéra:ya:dag. Okko la: Íngko ope annyardok takam lunamé Mising agomé. Édémpé appíng ope:lok du:né lubomsunam agom appí:dém Mising agom émna ngolu togésunamdé:sin agomsém írga:monamé, ainé agomé. Ngok agomsé pagro, bíkkédé déllo, mo:yíngé, sa:ya:ngé émna nérngu ka:mínsumílo Mising agomsé pu:po-jarpola:ma:yé, mirém rémna:ma:yé. Mo:písok mirémar ya:né English agomso:sin mo:písok bojerungko tani: ope:lok agom gomugé du:té:dung, odokké kangkanpé anu anu gompirém bulusin akon ope:lok langa:du:sin, toríksudu:sin. Édémí:pé English agomsé:sin mo:píso appíng agom ta:lé:pé du:namém silo ka:begdung.

Aso aso:pé su:pak poriné, kinné-pané Mising sí:sang ara:lo agom mébo:la ager gernané ainé lottako ka:pa:dung. Sé airu:pé mé:popénamé. Mising Agom Kébang-ké nérkíkpé asin dígla ager gernamki 1985 dítag do:bong Ohom migomé pobug iskullo ko:kangém poraidopé mastorém binamdém togésuto. Émpige:la su:pak 24 dítag lédu:so:sin Mising agom porainé appí:pé 230 dokké édílosin bojeya:tomang.

Migomé su:pakpé Mising agomsok légangé asin a:ngém onamko ka:beg tokumang. Dítag dítaglo Mising agom porainém bisettíla gíyé émnam migom agomdé agomo:pé du:pakkang. Appí:démyang mé:dírpénam agomdé 230 kopé binam porainédok bojerungko ajoné bangkí abngkí ngosod agommém lula su:pak Mising agomsém mépagge:la Ohomiya agom lo:pag ko:kangém porainamdém ka:pa:dung. Migomé potin la:len bipí:ma:namdé émpéi pí:dagbo oddung kinné pa:né émna mé:la Mising mastorpé binam kídí:sé:sin Mising agomsém osang ané kanggotpé ka:namsém takamé asin díkpé idung. Su:pak lo:pé Mising ko:kangé 50% dokké 100% kopé du:né Mising dungko pobug iskul kídí:dém balenna ka:la appí:pé 1221 kopé Mising mastorém migomé migjém ge:la bisetpénamé. Émpige:la migomé silo-ya:yang yampo-ya:yang émna lédupé ngettetsutíla dung.

Silapothar, Dhemaji-lo ba:nam gíné 18-né Mirum Kéba:dok ‘Mílíg Kéba:do’ ru:sék kampé- su:pak ngolum Mising agomsém ‘Medium’-pé lagikuma:bong. Pobug iskul-dok lékor ako dokké ‘University’ to:pé dítag dítaglo la:sa:bomna gínamdém lagidag. Su:pakké adíso Mising agomsém ‘Subject Language’-pé appíngé tolígnamdé:pag ngolukképé mé:jo:sula tolígnam agerpé iyé. Odok légangé MAK lokké migom lo:pé bojerungko dojígém biya:la luposunamésin ikabong. Sé agersokki Ohomiyang agomsé Mising agomlokki atíkosin nérngu ka:mínsupénamé kama:yé. Mising taniyémsin Ohomiya agomsém lagiru:dag.

Mising ko:kangém Ohomiya agomsém ‘compulsory subject’-pé imoge:la Mising agomsém ‘Subject Language’-pé imonamdé siloké longésok aipag ya:né ageré. Lédupé Mising Agom sé:sin pira-ga:ra sula:bo:mílo ‘Medium’ légangésin dakorém korra:yéku, mimagém mola:yéku. Odok légangé su:pak agomsok lagipo:pénam takamém mosí:supo:namdé aiyépé. Odok talé:do:sin Mising agomsém akon opeyém mége:la aíké Mising réngam ara:lo appíngém kinmonam légangé MAK opeyé ardapé agerém gernamdé:pak pinyo burnam agerpé iyé. Ékíma:mílo aíké agomé aíké néppa:lokké yogla gíyé, amiké agomo:ngé ambug bukkampé Mising néppa:lo bugla du:yé.

Mising agomlok lusar, potin, lutad attém la:lennam légangé asinki mé:boné kídíngé kinné-pa:né émna ménggésunam ami kídí:lok Mising agomno mé:lod adnamko kododém odokké édé dadapé la:lennam potin adlodém orgong kakupé gídodém agom ékkém aipé tatpa:dag. Édé agom kídí:dé- “Ngo Mising agomém kangkinéimang, pokinéimang!” Édémpé lugésula Mising lusar, potin, lutad attém la:ríksupéi tomé-toma:la mé:rítsudag.

Mising réngam, agom pu:po-jarponam légangé Guwahati lokké “Réngam Gomug” émnam po:lolo lenné Mising lutaddém la:lenna du:dolo éddíkko Mising réngamsé édémpiné lutad potiném toríksupé lagidagji édém silo:lopé édílosin ka:pa:tomang. Mirémé rémkesula doman tí:manla gír-gíraila du:né éra:dé:sin Mising agomdok légangé dítagdo murkong língko annyikosin (Rs. 200/-) bilenla:ma:pé aipé men-ya:sunamdém ka:pa:dungai. Akonpé, Mising agomsém mé:bola ager gerjon (bulusin botta bottapé poriné ko: ko:néngai, oudné migom ager kungke:lo tedné migangai) takamé anyi:ma:pé Guwahati, Dibrugor, Jonai-Silapothar, Sibsagor, Jorhat kídí:lo édé Réngam Gomug lutaddém érang éra:lo gígo:la orgongka, apir pirnyi murkongém tíkumsuka. Ngo mé:dag édé ajon kídí:dé atékpé o:kaiko pa:yépé émna mé:la germangapé! Bulu agomsok légangé asin dígla-mé:bola kene:pé agerém gerdungai.

Édémí:pé Mising agomsém mé:bola ‘déuoi’ émna siloké lo:ngéso kene:pé ager gerbomsula atí atíkoi la:lenla du:né ngok ajon kídí:dé Jorhat lokké Dipok Kr. Dole:, Khogen Pe:gu, Silapothar lokké Dr. Ghono Kt. Dole:, Jonai lokké Juwel Pe:gu bulu (agomsém mé:bola ngok kinpíma:pé Mising agomlo adnam atíém la:lenla du:né kídíngémsin luté:dung). “Jarné agom gomlab kama:né tani: opíndé turra du:la:sin sinamé” émnam sé aré kané agomsém kin-ge:la:sin kinma:némpé ila du:dag. Mising agomsém írga:monam légangé ngolum ainé “Gompir Kumsung’-ko, aré kané “Gomnu’-ko, ‘Gomlam’-ko, mé:bu-mé:lu kama:né “Banan Poddhoti” potin ko lagiru:po:dag. Kapila:né édébulupak agomsém pu:po-jarpo bonané lagipo:namarné kumda:dé. MAK-sé:sin akon agerém mépo:daggom édé potin kídí:dém la:lennam agerdém mé:dabla kene:pé gerpongar namdé aré kaya:né agerpé iyé.

Mising agomsém aiyo:pé porijo:pé, adjo:pé ngolum Mising abíg kangkinnam-dém, kapé gompirém addoji (Banan Poddhoti) édémbulum lagipo:dag. Odok légangé Mising abíg kangkinnam odokké Agom Migang Tabu Taíd-ké adnam “Mising Bhasar Banan Poddhoti”-dok dungkampé kapé gompirém addoji édém so atkantung. “Mising agomsém kapila Ohomiya abíg kokki attoma:n? Ohomiya abí kokki adya:mílo appíngéi porijo:ya:pé. Ingraji:pé abígdém iga:lok su:pak abayangko taniyé Mising agomsém pola:ma:pé idung....” émna su:paksin akon asagé lutímumla dung. Émpige:la agomdé édémpélang idu:pén? Siloké longésé kompiutar (cmputer), intarnet (internet), mobail (mobile), SMS longngé. Silongé longéso sékkésin adíé kamang, mo:mang.

Oko agomdém appíngé kinpodagji, oko abígdém appíngé appí:loi ngasodma:pé atpodoji édémpag sí:sang opeyésin toríksugordag. Silo Dilli, Mumbai, Kolikota, Amerika, Bilad lo:bulu du:né Mising agomdém kompiutarlo mé:mango:pé adla:dung, intarnet-lo adjo:kosin ngasod ma:pé do:jígém adla:dung , appíng mobail-lo Mising abíg kokki Mising agomém adla mélígla:dung. Akonpé Ohomiya abíg kokki édémpé so:lya:lang, atpoya:lang? Mising abígdok légangé angupé Mising ‘software’-ko lagimang. Roman abígdé su:pak mo:písok abígé. Mo:písok appí:loi sém ngasod kama:pé appíngéi adla:dag. Su:pak ngolu kinsuné kídíngé Roman abígdok atponam odokké Ohomiyang abígdok adgu:ma:nam ngasod do:yíngém kinsudung. Ohomiyang abígdok légangé anguru:pé “Software’ laginamdé, intarnet lo:bulu so:lo:pé mélígla:ma:namdé Ohomiyang abígdok ngasodé. Mising abíkpé Roman abígdém la:la édé ngasod kídí:dém ngolu pa:mang, mémango:pé adla:dung.

Mising abígdok légangé Mising tani: ara:lo luker ka:mínsu namdé abarungkopé ika:bong. Su:pak édé aku tarédém lékoda mojokkupésin aima:bong. Agom ako kinpé édé agom ope:dok abígdémsin po:pé kangkin su:po:pé lagiru:yé. Édé Ingraji, Ohomiyang odokké Misingéi daggom.

Mising Abíg (Letter):

(1) (Vowel) : O (o), A (a), I (i), Í (í), É (é), E (e), U (u)

O: (o:), A: (a:), I: (i:), Í: (í:), É: (é:), E: (e:), U: (u:)

MISING AGOM ADNAM KANGKIN

Appíng agomnokké adgabla addopé ‘banan’ lamtéko du:pérung ido. Ékíma:mílo méngkamdéméi akon-asagé attér attér adla agomdéméi admur adyar pagmoyé. Mising agom kébangém ba:lenboné odokké du:pongarné kébang abu Agom Migang Tabu Taíd- bí édém mé:la 1983 do:bong “Mising Bhashar Banan Paddhati” émna potinko MAK-ém adlenbito. Gíné MAK-lok 16-né Mirum Kéba:do lékoda potindém adyinsula (Tritiya Songskhoron) attentoku. édém atten dokudodo s:ar (sir)-bí ngom goglígla odokké Mising Agom Kébangé tolígla Mising agom addodok ngasod do:yíngém kíbosuka. ‘Réngam Gomug’ lutaddém la: lendolo ngolu Mising agom addodo abarungko ngasod pa:tungai. Po:péké potin kídí:do:sin luyirnamko ka:pa:ma:la RG adgotpé aíé atsula dungai. édé ngasod do:yíng kídí:dém Taíd sa:r-mé ako akopé atkanna lubisudolo sa:r-bí lédupé potindo kangkano:pé atkan bitungku.

Léduké potindo ngoluk takam ngasodém la:pag la:to émna lumang. So:sin ngolukké ngasodé lensettíkang. Lenset kuné ngasodém lékoda sa:rké lédulo manggom kinné ope: lédulo du:pumsula Mising agom adnam kangkinsém aiyo:pé léngkanpé iyé. Taíd sa:rké lédulo me:lampé luposuddomsin édé agom kídí:dém lulendo. Adné-poriné opeyé ngasod pa:du:mílo silosin sa:rbí édé ngasod kídí:dém la:pagla lékoda “Banan Paddhati”-dém attenkupé émna togésudag. émige:la odok légangé ngasodné réngam lokké attenkunamdém mé:bonam agomém lukanpa:yé.

édémpé bojerungko Mising agom adnam do:yíngém kíbosuto. Sa:rké lédulo ager gerla ngosin bojerungko aré kané agomém kinla:to émna mé:sukang. édé luposunam odokké apir pirnyiko kinpí:nam odokké luyirnam agom kídí:dém ngo so andé:pé Mising agomki atkan bitung. Silopésin abarungko kindag émna mé:suné tani:ékké Mising agom addodo abarungko admur adyarla du:namém ka:pa:dung. Bulu ajjouko sé agom kídí:sém mé:mi:la ka:mí:lo Mising agom sémsin kangkanpé admur kama:pé adla:yépé émna mé:la:do. So Mising agomsém su:pakké adísoi ikiyékun émna gu:tunsula, mé:rítsula odokké mé:yamé:sala du:ma:pé takam adji-bottané ajjouko asin díga:la ka:yir-mé:yirsumílo aropé Mising agom sokképé aín-murkong agompé iyé. Akonpésin su:pak Mising agomlok adla du:né takam ajoné bulusin méngkam méngkampé aí suakopé adla du:ma:pé pabí ako sígla admílo ngoluk lékoka:mínsu namdém (uniformity) ka:begyé odokké mé:mur-mé:yar kama:pé sí:rí-so:ropé atpoyé.

1. p, t, k adma:yé- Gompir lédulo p, t, k adma:pé b, d, g atpé lagidak. Atkandé sémpé- sogab (sogap émna adma:yé), tabad (tabat émna adma:yé), porog (porok émna adma:yé).

- ‘b, d, g’ abíg kinnam légangé gompir lédulo ‘é’- dém molusula atka:la ka:la:do, sémpé- tabad + é = tabadé (tabaté émma:yé).

2. Gompir lédulo ‘p, t, k’ addo- Ake gompir lédulo p, t, k abíg kídí:dé:sin du:do. Sémpé-ngok (Ngok + ké = ngokké), aso:pé (aso:p+ pé = aso:pé), talé:t (talé:t+ té = talé:té).

3. p, t, k, s abíg po:pé ‘b’ adma:pé ‘p’, ‘d’ adma:pé ‘t’ odokké ‘g’ adma:pé ‘k’ adpa:yé. Sémpé-

3.1. p, t, k, s -dok po:pé ‘b’ adma:pé ‘p’ addo. Sémpé-doppo, kaptér, apke odokké sepsod (dobpo, kabtér, abke odokké sebsod émna adma:yé).

3.2. ‘d’ adma:pé ‘t’ addo. Sémpé- tatpo, atten, lotkum, gatkur odokké lotsuto (tadpo, adten, lodkur odoké lodsuto émna adma:yé).

3.3. ‘g’ adma:pé ‘k’ addo.Sémpé- tékpo, duktad, porokko odokke duksi (tégpo, dugtad, porogko odokké dugsi émna adma:yé.)

4. p, t, k, s abígém mége:la akon yí:la:kopé (11) Mukténg (b, d, g, j, l, r, n, m, ny, ng, y) abíg po:pé ‘p,t, k’ adma:pé ‘b, d, g’ addo.

4.1. ‘p’ adma:pé ‘b’ addo. Sémpé- yubdí, yubbad, abgab, yubjon, kablíng, abrug, gabnam, yubmag, yubnyog, sabngad odokké abyir (yupdí, yupbad, apgab, yupjon, kaplíng, aprug, gapnam, yupmag, yupnyog, sapngad oddokké apyir émna adma:yé.)

4.2. ‘t’ adma:pé ‘d’ addo.Sémpé- adbug, addung, tadgu:ma, edjin, badlíng, adrug, lodmíg, badné, adnger, pédnyog odokké tatyirsu (atbug, atdung, tatgu:ma, etjin, batlíng, atrug, lotmíg, batné, émna adma:yé)

4.3. ‘k’ adma:pé ‘g’ addo. Sémpé- tagbug, tagdí, duggong, tégjog, duglod, tagrug, tagmíg, tígnam, pégngong, tagnying odokké dugyir (takbug, takdí, dukgong, tékjog, duklod, takrug, takmíg, tíknam, pékngong, taknying odokké dukyir émna adma:yé.)

5.1. ‘m’ abíg lédulo ‘l’ du:mílo aba:ya:lo ‘l’ adma:pé ‘n’ addo. Sémpé- émla... émna, amli:..... amni:, sumlen...... sumnen.

5.2. ‘r’ abíg lédulo ‘l’ du:mílo abaya:lo ‘l’ adma:pé ‘r’ addo. Sémpé- turla.....turra, karlen..... karren, kurlad....... kurrad.

5.3. ‘n’ abíg lédulo ‘y’ du:mílo ‘y’-dé ‘ny’-pé idoku. Sémpé- ben+ yag= bennyag, gon+yab= gonnyab, kun+yo=kunnyo.

6. ‘w’ abígdé Mising agomnok laggyarpo:nam abígma. émdaggom ‘w’ atté:la addodom ‘w’-dok po:pé ‘u’ abígdém atté:pé aiyé. Sa:yang agomlo ‘w’ atté:ma: pé adla:do.Sémpé- ngouwoi (sa:yang- ngo-o:i), kouwé (sa:yang- kué).

Ménggappénam ékké- awo, pawo, píwang émma:pé ao, pao odokké píang émna admílo aiyépé.

7. Gompir léddarpé ‘y’ adma:pé ‘i’ addo. Sémpé- ba:boi, youwoi, édíloi (ba:boy,youwoy odokké édíloy amna adma:yé).

Ménggappénamko- ayo, doyé, gíyé émnam gombug kídí:do ‘y’ démpé lumílo odokké odo -é, -ai, -a:mílo émnam kídí:dé gombugdo lékomílo ‘y’ pirnyiko addo. Sémpé-ayo+é=ayyo, koyé+ ai= koyyai, kayé+a:mílo= kayya:mílo.

8. Gompir léddarlok mugyardém atté:pé aido. Sémpé- taní:, appi:, Dole: (tani, appi odokké Dole émna adma:yé.)

9. Ake gompirlo ‘ts’ adma:pé ‘ss’ odokké ‘dj’ adma:pé ‘jj’ émna addo. Sémpé-assé, kassé, péjjé (atsé, katsé odokké pédjé émna adma:yé).

10.1. Gompir akke atékpé manggom akon lédulo du:do. édémbulum akon lédulo addodo atpumsupé lagido. Sémpé- sé...... okumsé, ma...... doma.

10.2. ‘Ngo’-dém mége:la akon appíng yammin (pronoun) kídí:dém akon gombug lédudo addo ‘-’ (hyphen)-ko pongkogdo adlíkpé aido. Sémpé- Ga:m-bí,Ga:m-bulu, Ga:m-bínyi,Ga:m-ngonyi. Ménggappénamko- sé:bulu, édébulu (sé:-bulu odokké édé-bulu, émna adma:yé).

11. Adgu:ma:nam gombug ékké- Bí ngok íuwo, Sé:bulu ííé, íío: lokki motung.

12. ‘ang-ngo’ émma:pé ‘angngo’ odokké ‘rong-ngam’ émma: pé ‘rongngam’ émna atpé aido.

13. Amin addodém (tani: amin, dungko amin) ‘mahapran’ abíg dungkodo ‘h’ abígdém lumanggom atté:pa:yé. Sémpé- Ghono, Khogen, Phonidhor, Dhemaji, Philobari (Gono, Kogen, Ponidor, Demaji, Pilobari émna adma:yé). Ludodém lumanggom br, pr, tr, ndr kídí:dém atté:pa:yé. Sémpé- Brojen, Dibrugor, Brohmoputro, (Bojen, Diburugor, Bormoputoro émna adma:yé). Sé:kai do:sog, do:déng addom lédukédémpé Mising lukamar démpé adla:do.

14. Gomnu kama:la Mising agom pí:ramga:lok amiké agomlok narnam gompir kídí:dém Mising kokki atpé aido. Sémpé- Hai Kort, Bu:k Pheyar, Prodhan Montri, Jorj Bush (‘Hai Kort’, ‘Bu:k Pheyar’, ‘Prodhan Montri’, ‘Jorj Bush’ émna adma:yé). Émpige:la narnam gompirdém popíng kémpé lé:mílo sémpé admílo aido- ‘High Court’, ‘Book Fair’, ‘Prime Minister’, ‘Geordge Bush’ (High Court, Book Fair, Prime Minister, Geordge Bush émna adma:yé).

15. Akon agom ope:lok tani amin, dungko amin kídí:lo:sin gombug lédudo p, t, k du:mílo b, d, g adma:pé p, t, k admílo aido. Mising agomlok aminmílo p, t, k adma:pé b, d, g addo. Sémpé - Protap, Bhorot, Guluk (Protab, Bhorod, Gulug émna adma:yé). Émpige:la - Mégab, Tagad, Médog émna addo (Mégap, Tagat, Médok émna adma:yé).

16. Bíktapé gombug addodo ‘Ng’ dém la: ‘Ny’-dém ‘NG’, ‘NY’ émna bíktapé atpé aido. Sémpé- KANGKIN KÉBANG, DO:NYI-PO:LO (KANgKIN KÉBANg, DO:Nyi-PO:LO émna adma:yé).

17. Ingraji:pé opín, kébang, migom ager atí attém addom andé:pé adnamko dung. édém sémpé admílo aido-Di Si manggom “D.C”, Es Di O manggom “S.D.O.”, Bi E manggom “B.A.” (D.C., S.D.O. odokké B.A. émna adma adma:yé). Si:m-sí:ro dohomig (Full stop) bimanggom aido.

18. Amin, opín kídí:lok gípo:n abíg kídí:dém Ingraji:lo adnamíng émpé bíktapé adnamdém ila dung. Sémpé- Silo do:nyé aipé ka:dung. Sinyíng pédongé bojeko otoma. émpige:la- ané Do:nyi, abu Po:lo, Pédong na:né (ané do:nyi, abu po:lo, pédong na:né émna adma:yé).

19. Tani: amin addolo ‘no, bí, nolu, ngolu, bulu gompir kídí:dém haiphen (hyphen)-ko bila atpé aido. Sémpé- Talom-no, Talom-bí,Talom-ngolu, Talom-nolu,Talom-bulu édémpé.

20. Mising agom addodo ‘s’ démna ‘h’-dém adbí-allísula adma:pé ‘h’ abígo:dém adnamko imílo aiyé. Sémpé- Ohom Hahityo Hobha, Hikhya, Hibodoul, Hingimari (Osom Sahityo Sobha, Sikhya, Singimari émna adma:yé.)

21. -lang (la:), -manggom, -ma:mílo gompir kídí:dém akon gompir lédulo addodo atté:ma:pé admílo aiyé. Odokké -lang gompir lédulo k, g odokké Gomug (Vowel) abíkki atsa:mílo ‘lang’ ékíma:mílo akon abíg kokki atsa:mílo ‘la:’ émna addo. Sémpé- No la: ngo, kouwé lang ko:néngé, Ram-bí manggom Hori-bí, Silo ma:mílo yampo.

22. Gompir pirnyiko atpumsula addodo lédukédé gomkéng kamanggom pirnyidé lékopé anu agompé idakku. édémpiné gésuné gompir atté:la addodo buluk pongkogdo haiphen (hyphen)-ko adlíkpé aido. Sémpé- gíyí:- gísa:la, lukeleb-luyeleb, írsu-lasug-suge:la, idum-modum-sujo:dag.

23. Mising agomno édíloi gombug akodo pirpi:-pirngoko gombugém atpumsula atpa:dag. Odobulu pokolo ngasodma:nam légangé pongkogdo haiphen (hyphen)-ko atté:mílo aido. Atté:manggom admurdag émna lula:ma.

24. Gompir manggom gomyar lédulo ‘colon’ bima:pé ‘dash’-ko bipé aido.ékuma: mílo Mising abíglo mugyar pongkoglo ‘colon’ dungga:lok ‘punc-tuation mark’ bidolo ngasotko du:yé. Sémpé- ‘moku:-morang’, émpige:la ‘kéíkké atkanbinamém ka:to” émna atpé aido.

Atsed- Taléngké atkannam agom (Banan Poddhoti) kídí:démpé su:pakpé ngoluk Mising gompirém adla dung. émdaggom so ara:so:sin ngolukké ngasod lentíla du:némpé mé:dag. Ngok lupénamdé- (1)‘Adnam’ gompirdém ‘Atsed, atkan’ émyékumílo néríng gompir(Adnam)-dok abíg-dé angula gípagdag. Odo ngoluk ara:lo manggom anupé Mising agomsém luyirsuné, kin-yirsuné opeyé bojepakko mé:bu-mé:luko kadung. édémí:pé - Porog..... Porokko, Tabad.... Tabatko, Mittub....... Mittupko. (2) Tani: amin addolo:sin ngasodé lentídung. Sémpé- Anil Kr. Pe:gu dém atkapé gídolo ngolu Anil Kr. Pe:gu émyénéi Onil Kr. Pe:gu émyén? Kapila:né Anil émnam amidém Onil émyémílo o:koi mé:bu-mé:luko lendagnémpé idag. Akonpé A K Pegu émnamdé O K Peg:u émna andé:pé admílo angu ya:dago:némpé andag. édémí:pé “Chayengiya..... Sayengiya?”, “Chandra’.... Sondro?”, “KC Chagmai..... KS Sagmai?”, “Asom..... Ohom?”, “Chennai....... Sennai?” édémpiné bojerungko agomé ngolum silopé mé:bu-mé:lu sumotíla dung. Sém bulum ‘Mising Bashar Banan Poddhoti’-do kangkanpé atkan bikumílo ngolu lédu-lamkupésin agomsém adgabla adla:yé.

The writer is an executive member of the apex Mising literary body Mising Agom Kebang.He can be contacted on email at anilpegu@gmail.com